It is commonly found growing in tropical monsoon forests in the western ghat mountains in the malabar region of sw india where rainfall typically reaches about 150 inches. Following a request from the european commission, the efsa panel on additives and products or substances used in animal feed feedap was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of an essential oil from the seeds of elettaria cardamomum l. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton, a native of high ranges of western ghats of india, is an ecofriendly plantation spice crop. Use of cardamom fruits for medicinal and culinary purposes dates back to the second century bc. Maton when used as a sensory additive for all animal species. Cardamom spice is used to flavor many foods and drinks. First group received dexamethasone alone in a dose of 8 mgkg intraperitoneally. Cardamom is a perennial shrub with fleshy, thick and lateral roots and the plant grows to a height of eight feet kapoor, 2000. For those who have lost their appetite perhaps from stressed or a hectic schedule, cardamom can help return your appetite, as well as calm nervous indigestion, and reduce flatulence. Elettaria cardamomum zingiberaceae or cardamom is commonly known as queen of spices for the versatile use in cooking practice. Learn about elettaria cardamomum cardamom perennial.
The healer made a number of uses of four spices in his formulations, namely bark of cinnamomum verum, leaves of cinnamomum tamala, floral buds of syzygium aromaticum, and fruits of elettaria cardamomum. Green cardamom elettaria cardamommum known as the queen of spices, this is the true cardamom native to southern india. They are one of the highest priced and most expensive spices after saffron and vanilla. Pdf evaluation of antidiarrhoeal activity of cardamom elettaria. Ginger lily hedychium produces beautiful flowers that are used in garlands and other decorations. Elettaria cardamomum maton fruits, commonly known as cardamom. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticle using elettaria cardamomom and assessment of its antimicrobial activity gnanadhas gnanajobitha, gurusamy annadurai1, chellapandian kannan2 1environmental nanotechnology division, sri paramakalyani centre for environmental sciences, manonmaniam sundaranar university, alwarkurichi 627412, tamilnadu, india. Cardamom elettaria identification, uses, medicinal. Elettaria cardamomum seed extract cosmetic ingredient. But the later romans were responsible for making cardamom popular and using it extensively in good cooking. Elettaria cardamomum definition of elettaria cardamomum by. Elettaria cardamomum is the spice cardamom or elaichi used for cooking in many parts of the world and in india. This seedpod is triangular in crosssection and has the shape of a spindle.
Cardamom elettaria cardamomum plant profiler sigmaaldrich. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Elettaria cardamomum fruit ahpa botanical identity. Cardamom consists of seeds of the dried fruits of elettaria cardamomum linn. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Pdf cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton has great commercial value as a.
Nutrient management in small cardamom elettaria cardamomum a. The western ghat forest of the malabar coast, india, is the center of origin and diversity for cardamom and it mi. This page was last edited on 22 december 2019, at 05. Pdf micropropagation of cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton. Zingiberaceae, a stout large perennial herb that grows naturally in the moist forests of western ghats up to a height of 1500 m. Our pdf merger allows you to quickly combine multiple pdf files into one single pdf document, in just a few clicks. Ginger is obtained from the rhizomes of zingiber officinale. Be sure you are buying elettaria cardamomum, which is true cardamom.
There are two kinds of cardamoms found in the spice world. Antiinflammatories 1 antimicrobials 5 antioxidants 1. Discussion some of the observations made by gregory on the course of the vascular bundles in the cardamom flower appear curious and irreconcilable in the light of the present. Related to the ginger family, the leaves are long and lance shaped and flowers arise from the base of the plant.
Elettaria cardamomum e cardamom s ela and the main compound h elaichi t elam e. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum plant profiler sigma. It is beneficial for overall digestive system, respiratory system, kidneys, blood, heart, and skin. Perhaps the widest misidentification in horticulture, the majority of cardamom plants sold in the us, are, in fact the cinnomon ginger, alpinia nutans. In 2018, several species were removed from elettaria and placed in a new genus called sulettaria. The seeds of elettaria cardamomum are the source of cardamom.
The flowerstalk proceeds from the base of the stem, and lies upon the. Elettaria cardamom synonyms, elettaria cardamom antonyms. So in this article, i will be investigating how cardamom affects our mind and our body. Based on more than a century of experience in vallauris, france, albert vieille sas has crafted exceptional savoirfaire in the realm of perfume plants. Elettaria and amomum are the two main genera of the ginger family that are named as forms of cardamom. Safety and efficacy of an essential oil from elettaria. It was formerly applied to all pungent or aromatic foods, to ingredients of incense or perfume and to embalming agents. Here it can stay under 2 feet but it gets much larger in tropics where it is grown for the exspensive spice cardamom. Elettaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family zingiberaceae. The cardamom plant has a tuberous horizontal rhizome, sending up from eight to twenty erect, simple, smooth, green and shining, perennial stems, which rise from six to twelve feet in height, and bear alternate ellipticallanceolate sheathing leaves. Some of the important varieties are alleppy, mysore, malabar, and mangalore cardamoms. Elettaria cardamomum zingiberaceae is a highly priced spice, growing in midelevations 6000 m a. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticle using elettaria.
Elettaria cardamomum synonyms, elettaria cardamomum pronunciation, elettaria cardamomum translation, english dictionary definition of elettaria cardamomum. Nutrient management in small cardamom elettaria cardamomum. It is sometimes known as the queen of spices alongside black pepper piper nigrum, which is known as the king of spices. Introduction about cardamom the term spice is derived from the word species which was applied to different groups of exotic food stuff in the middle ages. Small cardamom known as heel khurd fruits of elettaria cardamomum maton.
Elettaria cardamomum an overview sciencedirect topics. Pdf micropropagation and slow growth conservation of cardamom. Carr, in vitro investigation of the potential immunomodulatory and anticancer activities of black pepper piper nigrum and cardamom elettaria cardamomum, journal of medicinal food, vol. Deep sequencing identified potential mirnas involved in.
When the anterior strand is present, it is the first to disappear and then the other two fig. The placental bundles, initially, merge to form a triradiate axile strand fig. Elettaria cardamomum true cardamom queen of spices from. The plant profiler provides detailed information and bioactive compounds for numerous different plant species. Maton show all show tabs cardamom general information. This plant is native to tropical areas of india, burma and sri lanka. Several species of shellflower alpinia are cultivated as ornamentals. They are native to india and sri lanka, but cultivated and naturalized elsewhere. True cardamom will have flowers that form at the base of the plant. This combination, in full or in part, along with other plant parts, was used to treat stomach pain, rheumatic pain, and puerperal fever. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton is a tall perennial shrub fig. Elettaria cardamomum, commonly known as green or true cardamom, is a herbaceous, perennial plant in the ginger family, native to southern india. The dried ripe fruits of cardamom have been used as a spice and in medicines since the 4th century bc.
Jan 06, 2009 elettaria cardamomum zingiberaceae is a highly priced spice, growing in midelevations 6000 m a. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Background the main goal of the work was to analyse intraspecific variation in elettaria cardamomum maton cardamom using genome size. We have extended our studies to characterise mirnas in wild and cultivar genotypes of cardamom. Cardamom refers to several plants of the genera elettaria and amomum in the ginger family zingiberaceae. Other articles where elettaria cardamomum is discussed. Both genera are native to the indian subcontinent and indonesia.
There are many varieties, which are classified on the basis of their capsule size and color. Oct 03, 2002 cardamom otherwise known as malabar cardamom, true cardamom or small cardamom second only to pepper in its importance during the renaissance period, is often qualified as the queen of spices because of its very pleasant aroma and taste. The aerial part of the plant consists of 1020 erect leafy shoots pseudostem 2. Elettaria cardamomum is a member of the ginger family zingiberaceae.
To evaluate the efficacy of cardamom with pioglitazone on dexamethasoneinduced hepatic steatosis, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia in albino rats. Pdf micropropagation of cardamom elettaria cardamomum. It is the most common of the species whose seeds are used as a spice called cardamom. If you bought a plant with a tag that says cardamom. Like most ginger relatives this plant likes fertile soil with lots of organic.
True cardamom or lesser cardamom is a monocot belonging to the family zingiberaceae under the natural order scitaminae. Intraspecific variations in cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton. Our objective is to inspire the creative minds in the realm of beauty with exceptional ingredients. Elettaria cardamomum definition of elettaria cardamomum. The spicy seeds are very aromatic and used extensively for culinary purposes, it is the true cardamom of commerce. Pdf diarrhoea is a major health care problem in developing countries. Cardamom the genus elettaria pdf free download epdf. Elettaria cardamomum, chances are great that you have the wrong plant. Cardamom simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This ginger relative produces attractive foliage from rhizomes. Amomum cardamom, also known as black cardamom grown in north eastern states is not tradable on the mcx platform. Elettaria pods are light green in color, amomum pods are larger and dark brown. Zingiberaceae ginger family this popular ginger is native to india.
Characterisation of the essential oil identified 37 components. There is a thin papery outer shell and small black seeds. Cardamom is the dried fruit of elettaria cardamomum maton zingiberaceae. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Cardamom is a polymorphic species of the monotypic genus elettaria. Small cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton the queen of spices enjoys a unique position in the international spices market, as one of the most sought after spices. This is called the queen among spices and is a perennial herbaceous rhizomatous monocot in the zingiberaceae. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Cardamom, ginger and turmeric belong to the family zingiberaceace. Antiulcerogenic activity of elettaria cardamomum maton. Maton small cardamom article pdf available in genomics data 11c march 2017 with 153 reads how we measure reads. No other classic spice has such a patchy geographical distribution and variety of uses.
Indian cardamom is known for its luxuriant green colour with. Serial sections through the flower of elettaria cardamomum continued from. Antimicrobial effect of seed extract of cardamom elettar. Many spices have substantial affects on our cognitive and body functions. Yield of small cardamom elettaria cardamomum m variety pv1 as influenced by levels of nutrients and neem cake under rain fed condition in southern western ghats, india. The underlier of the mcx cardamom contract is elettaria cardamom, also known as small green cardamom, grown in the southern states of kerala, tamil nadu and karnataka. Abbasipour h, mahmoud m, rastegar f, hosseinpour mh 2011 fumigant toxicity and oviposition deterrency of the essential oil from cardamom, elettaria cardamomum, against three storedproduct insects. Domestication of cardamom elettaria cardamomum in western. Pdf small cardamom production technology and future.
Recommendation for elettaria cardamomum seed oil usage levels up to. Elettaria cardamomum, commonly known as cardamom, is a pungent, aromatic, herbaceous, evergreen perennial of the ginger family. Alpinia nutans among others are sold as cardamom, and they are a false cardamom. Elettaria cardamomum rhizomatous herb of india having aromatic seeds used as seasoning cardamom, cardamon cardamum, cardamom, cardamon aromatic. Elettaria is commonly called cardamom, green cardamom, or true cardamom, whereas amomum is commonly known as black cardamom, brown cardamom, kravan, java cardamom, bengal cardamom, siamese cardamom, white or red cardamom. The high quality, evidencebased information on each plant profiler page is gathered by natural standard, the authority on integrative medicine. Apart from its use as a flavoring agent in food preparations. Many plants being sold as cardamom are not true cardamom. There are a number of false cardamoms, but the true cardamom is a subtropical or tropical shrub preferring warm temperatures and yearround water.